

They didn’t, mostly. There have always been traffic deals, but otherwise:
- Netscape: initially charged money for the browser, but free later.
- Internet Explorer: initially charged money, bundled with Windows later. Not intended to be profitable directly, but to prevent the web from making the desktop OS where Microsoft had a near-monopoly irrelevant.
- Opera: built-in banner ad, pay for ad-free.
- Mozilla Suite, later pivoting to Firefox: initially nonprofit.
- Safari: bundled with Apple operating systems, but also offered for Windows for a few years. Safari was never meant to make money directly, but to give Apple more control over the web experience, and probably to keep the web from competing with native apps too effectively on iOS.
- Chrome: never intended to make money directly. I’m not sure the initial plan was to spy on users either; Google was a different company in 2008. Instead, I think Google really wanted a browser to make the web the application platform Microsoft feared, and found the existing options lacking.














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Under Texas law, it’s indecent assault, a misdemeanor for a first offense in most cases. It’s similar in Pennsylvania. Those are two of the states where incidents in the article took place.
I’m generally against the recent trend to increase the severity of existing crimes, but I will make an exception here: this should be a felony.