Working-age US adults are dying at far higher rates than their peers from high-income countries, even surpassing death rates in Central and Eastern European countries, and midlife mortality rates in the UK are not great either. A new study has examined what’s caused this rise in the death rates of these two cultural superpowers.

Life expectancy started to rise around 1840 at a pace of almost 2.5 years per decade and has continued to the present day. A 2021 study calculated that if the current pace continues, most children born this millennium will live to celebrate their 100th birthday. However, new research by the Leverhulme Center for Demographic Science (LCDS) at the University of Oxford and Princeton University has revealed some troubling trends for those in midlife, particularly in the US and the UK.

“Over the past three decades, midlife mortality in the US has worsened significantly compared to other high-income countries, and for the younger 20- to 44-year-old age group, in 2019, it even surpassed midlife mortality rates for Central and Eastern European countries,” said Katarzyna Doniec, the study’s corresponding author. “This is surprising, given that not so long ago, some of these countries experienced high levels of working-age mortality, resulting from the post-socialist [economic] crisis of the 1990s.”

The study demonstrates that most countries have experienced declines in all-cause mortality over the three decades to 2019. The notable exception is the United States, whose divergence from comparable high-income countries in age-standardized mortality rates of 25- to 64-year-olds has accelerated over time. Strikingly, for US females aged 25 to 44, all-cause mortality rates were higher in 2019 than in 1990. The country’s higher mortality was especially noticeable when it came to preventable deaths: homicides, deaths from transport accidents, and so-called ‘deaths of despair’ related to suicide and alcohol and drug use.

    • Maggoty@lemmy.world
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      13
      ·
      7 months ago

      That’s the plan. Demographics shows that age groups start seriously shrinking at 60-70. Half of the people who make it to 60 die by 70. And it halves again by 80.

      Retirement past 60 was always more about the rich seeing them as less useful than it was about “golden years”. And not being able to access your Roth IRA until after the age group starts seriously shrinking is just fucking crap. Pumping money into the stock market that many people will never see again.

      • twack@lemmy.world
        link
        fedilink
        English
        arrow-up
        4
        arrow-down
        4
        ·
        7 months ago

        You can pull money out of your Roth IRA at literally any point. You already paid the taxes on it.

        You cannot pull more out than you put in though. If you have and properly use a Roth IRA throughout your whole life, you can live for many many years without ever breaching that cap if you wanted to retire a little earlier. You’re just reducing your potential total.

          • twack@lemmy.world
            link
            fedilink
            English
            arrow-up
            4
            arrow-down
            2
            ·
            7 months ago

            No, you don’t. You have to pay a penalty if you pull out earnings early. You can take the money you put in out at any time without penalty.

            You are thinking of a traditional IRA, not a Roth IRA.

            • Maggoty@lemmy.world
              link
              fedilink
              arrow-up
              3
              ·
              7 months ago

              Right, so if I’ve been saving for twenty years and I get told at fifty that I likely won’t survive until sixty, I get penalized for retiring.

              If I’ve already paid taxes, why are there any penalties at all? Unless it’s an incentive to keep working…

  • Anamnesis@lemmy.world
    link
    fedilink
    arrow-up
    56
    arrow-down
    1
    ·
    7 months ago

    I work four jobs. I don’t have health insurance. If I got sick I’d be fucked. Not surprising that people my age are dying at higher rates than in more civilized countries.

    • just_change_it@lemmy.world
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      8
      arrow-down
      4
      ·
      7 months ago

      How’s that scheduling work? You doing a day per job or something? 4 hours per job at multiple sites per day?

      I’ve seen people do two jobs in their youth but it’s very, very rare someone has more than a full time gig + part time weekends and maybe a night here and there.

      I know professional workers who moonlight as teachers at local community college for a course some semesters, and then do a day a weekend at the rock climbing gym to stay in shape and help others share the joy of their hobby as an example. I guess you could do some uber or whatever on top of that but I don’t consider that to be a job given the context.

      • Ragnarok314159@sopuli.xyz
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        16
        ·
        edit-2
        7 months ago

        Not the guy you were replying to, but I worked four jobs as well for a few years.

        Job 1: Primary job, usually a 7-4kind of shift

        Job 2 and 3: evening jobs, hired on to work a 4-12 kind of shift and they are usually good with you working two or three set days a week

        Job 4: Weekend job. Was 18 hours a day on Saturday and Sunday. Most people slept in their cars in between shifts.

        • just_change_it@lemmy.world
          link
          fedilink
          arrow-up
          3
          ·
          edit-2
          7 months ago

          I’ve gotta ask… how? why?

          I think I would have broken down in your shoes. I’m curious how someone gets into a situation like that or even survives it, if you’re willing to talk about it.

          • 7-4 job (eg. 8 hours * 5 days = 40 hours)

          • 4-12 (3 days a week = 24 more hours)

          • 18 hour weekends (2 days = 36 more hours)

          100 hours of work per week. Maybe 92 hours on the two night weeks. I think i’d have a heart attack within 3 months. I don’t know how someone would do laundry, prepare meals, clean dishes, do grocery shopping or honestly do anything.

          • Ragnarok314159@sopuli.xyz
            link
            fedilink
            arrow-up
            2
            ·
            7 months ago

            I got out of the army during the Great Recession. There was nothing to work but shitty retail, minimum wage jobs and a weekend shift job at a metal stamping factory.

            Had to make the ends meet, no benefits. It was not a fun time.

      • LifeOfChance@lemmy.world
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        10
        ·
        7 months ago

        I use to work 4 jobs for awhile it’s a bitch to juggle but can be done. I pretty much slept out of my car while paying for an apartment.

        Target was 6a-12p (typically)

        Home Depot was 1p-5p (most days)

        Fireworks shop was the most flexible but never past 10p

        And my 4th most favorite I shot fireworks for the shop professionally so that was typically 9pm until as late as 2am but usually 12am. When not shooting fireworks we built the racks and displays for other crews which is not easy.

      • Anamnesis@lemmy.world
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        1
        ·
        edit-2
        7 months ago

        I teach six classes for three universities and work at a bakery three days a week. I’ve got it scheduled so my Tuesdays and Thursdays are absolutely insane. I’m basically teaching for twelve hours straight on those days. This is mostly made possible bwcause three of my classes are synchronous online, so I can teach them from my office at the other school. This life is not what I had in mind when I went to grad school.

    • SomeGuy69@lemmy.world
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      1
      arrow-down
      7
      ·
      edit-2
      7 months ago

      So, why don’t you move the country then? Most European countries will require a single 40h job or less and you got other benefits like 30+ holidays and unlimited sick days. All you got to do is learn a language of your choice.

      Edit: going by the downvotes, apparently it’s better to stay in this hell. Have fun lol

      • Anamnesis@lemmy.world
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        1
        ·
        7 months ago

        I’m not certain how easy it is to just move to Europe as an immigrant. I don’t have any connection to the place. I’m addition, all my family lives here.

        • SomeGuy69@lemmy.world
          link
          fedilink
          arrow-up
          1
          ·
          edit-2
          7 months ago

          True, though having to work so much is reason enough for me personally. I can hardly upgrade from Germany though, but some of the nordic countries might be worth it. Learning culture or language isn’t that hard.

          Working with just English opens a lot of options, most countries worth migrating to teach it from early on.

  • Dagwood222@lemm.ee
    link
    fedilink
    arrow-up
    54
    arrow-down
    2
    ·
    7 months ago

    “Deaths of despair.”

    It’s a subtle thing. I like to browse bookstores and libraries. It used to be if I engaged someone in small talk we’d have a pleasant little chat about books. These days, the only people who want to chat are the employees.

    • ZeroTwo@lemmy.world
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      30
      arrow-down
      2
      ·
      7 months ago

      As an introvert, I love this. Please leave me alone and let me browse. I don’t wanna talk about what I’m reading/interested in, I don’t care about your 5 cats at home, and I really don’t wanna hear about what you like.

      • Dagwood222@lemm.ee
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        9
        arrow-down
        10
        ·
        7 months ago

        Do you talk to people in the park? In the grocery? The point is that those little chats actually do a lot for people’s mental health.

        • ZeroTwo@lemmy.world
          link
          fedilink
          arrow-up
          20
          ·
          7 months ago

          If people say "hi"to me in passing, yes I will smile and say hi back, I’m not going to completely ignore people. Other than that, I just wanna be left alone.

            • Wild Bill@midwest.social
              link
              fedilink
              arrow-up
              13
              ·
              7 months ago

              Doesn’t really sound like isolation, though. Unless they are a hermit. But then they wouldn’t see a person to begin with.

              • Dagwood222@lemm.ee
                link
                fedilink
                arrow-up
                2
                arrow-down
                16
                ·
                7 months ago

                The information should be out there.

                Half the posts I see here talk about having ‘social anxiety.’

                People need to make the effort to get into conversations that aren’t on screen.

                • girlfreddy@lemmy.ca
                  link
                  fedilink
                  arrow-up
                  12
                  ·
                  edit-2
                  7 months ago

                  I have AuDHD that wasn’t diagnosed until I was 61. My whole life most of my brain has been used to study people, their reactions, and beat myself up for failing to act/react to them in a socially-acceptable way.

                  I’ve had 4 major existential crashes (and more smaller ones) in my life where I stay alone almost constantly … mostly because I can’t handle having to give my whole self to people, all of the time, so they don’t see me as a freak.

                  The hell EVERYONE should do what you think we should do 'cause you are a know-it-all.

                • OftenWrong@startrek.website
                  link
                  fedilink
                  arrow-up
                  12
                  ·
                  7 months ago

                  I don’t want to make the effort because it is not enjoyable to me. Conversations “on a screen” aren’t invalid just because you prefer to socialize in person.

                • Gabu@lemmy.world
                  link
                  fedilink
                  arrow-up
                  11
                  ·
                  7 months ago

                  No they fucking don’t. People aren’t obligated to entertain you just because you feel lonely

        • OftenWrong@startrek.website
          link
          fedilink
          arrow-up
          18
          arrow-down
          1
          ·
          7 months ago

          No, they do a lot for your mental health. They just stress me out. If I want to chat I’ll go chat with someone I know. I do not enjoy random people talking to me at all

          • Ragnarok314159@sopuli.xyz
            link
            fedilink
            arrow-up
            10
            ·
            7 months ago

            Reminds me of all the extroverts wanting WFH to end. “I want to hear the latest gossip and enjoy the office culture!”

            You mean you want a captive audience that can do nothing about your incessant cat stories that no one else wants to hear, and ruin the productivity of the entire office.

            “But our mental health!”, yeah no. Everyone else is doing much better without you and the cat stories. We want to get our work done and then read/go for a walk.

      • stembolts@programming.dev
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        14
        arrow-down
        3
        ·
        7 months ago

        Beware of recursive patterns.

        I’m anxious so I don’t socialize which reinforces anxiety so I don’t socialize which…

        The mind can spiral in on itself and this can be difficult to recognize.

        Or in short, always being comfortable is bad for your long-term health. Discomfort provides a great deal of value in the context of mental well-being.

      • Dagwood222@lemm.ee
        link
        fedilink
        arrow-up
        4
        arrow-down
        7
        ·
        7 months ago

        You only get over stuff by doing them. I don’t expect everyone I talk to to be utterly fascinating; I just want to know if you’ve read a particular author.

  • jordanlund@lemmy.world
    link
    fedilink
    arrow-up
    25
    arrow-down
    1
    ·
    7 months ago

    Fascinating too that the study cuts off at 2019, right before Covid.

    Wonder how it looks now?

    • otp@sh.itjust.works
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      21
      arrow-down
      1
      ·
      7 months ago

      Coincidence more than anything. It’s a 2021 study, and it takes time to write and publish the data collected.

    • Maggoty@lemmy.world
      link
      fedilink
      arrow-up
      12
      ·
      7 months ago

      If you’re doing a study you wouldn’t want COVID in it. It’s a confounding factor. Unless of course, your study is about Covid’s effects. It would be great to compare the periods of time.